Multilateralismo

Según J.G. Ruggie “El multilateralismo consiste en coordinar políticas nacionales entre grupos de tres o más Estados, ya sea mediante arreglos ad hoc o mediante instituciones internacionales.”. EE. UU. fue el impulsor del multilateralismo durante la segunda guerra mundial, en búsqueda de mecanismos de resolución política de conflictos. Impulsó la creación de la Carta Atlántica (1941), de la ONU (1944) y de las instituciones basadas en Washington, el FMI, el Banco Mundial (1945) y más tarde la Organización Internacional de Comercio conocido por su derivado, el Acuerdo General de Aranceles (GATT, 1947).

Latin America is caught in the middle of a great power conflict. On the one side is Washington and on the other Beijing. At the G20 meeting, Xi Jinping played a leading role thanks to his ally Brazil. On the other hand, former president Biden went almost unnoticed since Trump had been elected and his policies were contrary to what was discussed in Rio de Janeiro.  In this, international institutions play a major role. In this way the author sees the concept of spheres of influence where there is one dominant and one subordinate. In this article we will look at the alignment of Latin American countries with the great powers, and see which way the balance tips.