OBELA Analysis

Between 2018 and 2024, US automotive companies have reduced their presence in the global market. This is one of the most important industries, in which the major powers compete for leadership, both in innovation and in control of international production chains and sales quotas.

International financial architectures (IFAs) in the East and West are showing a trend towards a decline in the use of the dollar in cross-border transactions and an increase in the digitisation of payment systems, with Asia leading the way. In this context, the Quick Response Indonesian Standard (QRIS) was created in Indonesia in 2019, based on Quick Response codes, or QR codes. It allows transactions using standard QR codes without the need for global networks such as MasterCard and VISA.